Acid reflux is a condition in which stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn) and a sour or bitter taste in the mouth. This happens when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a muscle that acts as a valve between the esophagus and stomach, becomes weakened or relaxed, allowing stomach acid to escape into the esophagus. Acid reflux is also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Causes for acid reflux include eating large meals, being overweight, eating certain foods and drinks (such as citrus, spicy or fatty foods, alcohol, and coffee), lying down after a meal, and snacking close to bedtime. Other factors that may contribute to acid reflux include pregnancy, hiatal hernia, and certain medications.

Common treatments for acid reflux, GERD, heartburn, and hiatal hernia include lifestyle changes, such as avoiding trigger foods and eating smaller meals, as well as medications, such as antacids, H2 receptor blockers, and proton pump inhibitors. Be aware that such medications only offer symptom control and can have nasty and dangerous side effects. Surgery is also an option for more severe cases of acid reflux or hiatal hernia. One of the best treatments for these conditions is “The Reflux Revolution,” which aims to heal the condition from the inside out.

Yes, diet and lifestyle changes can help manage acid reflux symptoms. Making certain dietary changes, such as avoiding trigger foods, eating smaller meals, and avoiding lying down after eating, can help reduce the symptoms of acid reflux. Lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, avoiding tight clothing, and not smoking, can also help. In some cases, simply elevating the head of the bed while sleeping can reduce nighttime symptoms of acid reflux.

A short general list of the best foods to eat if you have acid reflux or GERD includes: 

• Leafy greens, such as spinach and kale.
• Non-citrus fruits, such as bananas and melons.
• Lean protein sources, such as chicken and fish.
• Whole grains, such as brown rice and quinoa.
• Probiotic-rich foods, such as yogurt and kefir.

Remember that a full and comprehensive list of the best foods to eat, and foods to avoid, can be found in the Reflux Revolution course.

The most effective over-the-counter (OTC) medications for acid reflux include antacids, such as Tums, Rolaids, and Maalox, which neutralize stomach acid. Another common OTC medication for acid reflux is the H2 blocker, such as Pepcid, Zantac, and Axid, which reduces the amount of acid produced by the stomach. However, it is important to note that prolonged use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a type of medication used to treat acid reflux, can have very serious consequences. PPIs can interfere with the absorption of nutrients and increase the risk of infections (such as C.diff), bone fractures, kidney disease, and other health problems.

Prescription medications for acid reflux, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), can provide quick relief for symptoms and improve quality of life for those with acid reflux. However, there are also risks associated with taking these medications. Long-term use of PPIs can interfere with the absorption of nutrients and increase the risk of infections such as Clostridium difficile (C. diff), bone fractures, kidney disease, and other health problems. C. diff is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that can occur as a result of taking PPIs. In some cases, it can lead to severe diarrhea and even death, with approximately 10% of those who get it dying.

The most common surgical treatments for acid reflux and hiatal hernia are fundoplication and hiatal hernia repair.

Fundoplication involves wrapping the upper part of the stomach around the esophagus to create a barrier and prevent acid from flowing back into the esophagus. This can be performed laparoscopically or through an open surgical incision.

Hiatal hernia repair involves repositioning the stomach back into the abdominal cavity and repairing any tears or defects in the diaphragm.

Surgical treatments for acid reflux and hiatal hernia are typically recommended for individuals who do not respond to lifestyle changes and medication management, or for those with severe symptoms that significantly impact quality of life.

The cost of surgical treatments for acid reflux and hiatal hernia can vary widely based on several factors, including the type of procedure, the location and reputation of the healthcare provider, and the individual’s insurance coverage.

Typically, fundoplication procedures can cost anywhere from $10,000 to $30,000, while hiatal hernia repair can cost between $15,000 to $50,000. However, these are only rough estimates and the actual cost can be higher or lower depending on the individual’s specific circumstances.

Many insurance plans cover the costs of these surgical procedures if they are deemed medically necessary.